STARTERS

1. Read and then complete the notes: The word “jeans” comes from Italy. Over three hundred years ago the people of Genoa in Italy wore cotton clothes, and the cloth was known as "jean". The first jeans was made in the USA as early as 1638. People who worked in mines wanted strong clothes when a man from California called Levi Strauss found it a great chance to make a company for selling the famous Levi jeans. It is used now by people all over the world, and millions of pairs of jeans are bought daily. ·         The origin of the word “jeans”: ……………………………… ·         Jeans is made of: ……………………………………………….. ·         The first jeans was made in: …………………………………… ·         Miners should wear: ……………………………………………… ·         The Levi Strauss company sells: …………………………….... ·      ...

1. Read the text, then answer the questions below. Part-time jobs for American students are very popular but usually begin during their high school days. Besides working in newspaper agencies, fast food restaurants and small cafeterias, a very popular job for a teenager in America is babysitting. This has its greatest appeal among teenage girls and a good babysitter can earn quite a bit if she is reliable, responsible and mature. It is not an easy job and requires both social skills and general competence. A good babysitter should know how to change diapers and earn the respect of the children she is watching. She must be able to get the children ready for bed and keep an eye on them even while they are sleeping. Such a job often involves working on Friday and Saturday nights when many married couples like to spend the night going to a movie or the theater. On such occasions they will leave their children in the care of a dependable babysitter. Other part-time jobs which are popular es...

1. Read the text and then answer the questions:  On leaving, Mrs Magda gave her last minute instructions to the new babysitter, a young girl of seventeen whose main work was to look after the baby.  The girl had never done this work before and Mrs Magda was a little bit anxious. "Make yourself comfortable, Soha." Mrs Magda said. "I've prepared a tray of food and fruit for you. It's on the table. You can, of course, listen to the radio or watch the television, but don't have it on too loud because it might wake our little baby. Sound moves terribly in this house. If the boy wakes up, go to his room and stay with him there until he goes back to sleep. Anyway, he is two years old, so you shouldn't have any trouble. My husband and I will be back at about five o'clock. Mr Kamal and his wife, Magda, returned rather later than they had expected. They heard the sound of TV, a light was still on in the living room. The little baby was crying loudly. His face w...

Read the following text, and then answer the questions. There was once a very rich old lady whom husband had died, and whose children had married and gone to live in foreign countries. When she reached the age of eighty and was too old to live alone and look after a house herself, this rich old widow went to live in an expensive and very comfortable hotel next to the sea, in the south of the country, where it was not too cold in winter. This rich old lady had a pair of nasty, ugly dogs, which used to growl and bark at everybody, but which she loved very much, although nobody else did. They lived in the hotel with her and went wherever she did.  After the old lady and her dogs had been at the hotel nearly a year, a new young waiter came to work there and began to do everything that he was able to do to help the obl lady and to be nice to her. He carried her blankets and pillows for her, helped her to get into and out of the car which she hired when she wanted to go for a drive, and ...

Read the text and then answer the questions below: In 1912, an American shipping company launched a new ship called the "Titanic". It was the largest and most luxurious ocean liner of that time. It weighed 46,000 tons and could carry about 2,200 passengers. Experts said that nothing could sink it,  it was definitely unsinkable.  On 14th April, 1912, the ship sailed on its first voyage across the Atlantic from Southampton in England to New York in the USA, with 2,224 passengers. On 15th April just before midnight the ship struck an iceberg. The iceberg tore a great hole in the ship's side, and the unsinkable "Titanic" began to sink. There was a great alarm on board. Warning bells rang out. Everyone rushed to the lifeboats, but there was room for only 1,178 passengers. The lifeboats took mostly the women and children. The men had to remain on the ship. The" Titanic" sent out signals for help, but no help came. Another ship, the" Californian", w...

Read the following text and then answer the questions: Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals, whereas the people who really helped civilisation forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg or calculated the of the year, but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror. I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. But they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; and savages also fight; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Nations and countries should behave properly to each other; in a civilised way. Suppose that we ...